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TITLE PAGE

 

BY

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--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---

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APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify that the research work, "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.

By
---                                                     . ---
Supervisor                                                  Head of Department.
Signature……………….                           Signature……………….        

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External Invigilator

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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.

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PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work v research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" visible for everyone, then the complete material on "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!

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The clock is one of the most important devices in civilization. Everything we know is dependent on time, even onour everyday routine. Without clocks, we wouldn't have modern industrial life as we know it. Clocks gave everyone throughout the country a uniform time no matter their location, allowing for the coordination of workforces and increased profit and productivity.  There are different types of clock, but in this work we are focusing on solar powered digital street clock which is an outdoor digital clock that is usual place in the street for the public. Outdoor clocks are different from other types of wall clocks - they feature special weather-resistant housings and electronics, enabling them to withstand the elements, from hot, sunny summers through cold, snowy winters. When it comes to electric solar outdoor clock, it involves interfacing solar energy with electric outdoor clock The main parts of this project are solar panel set switch, microcontroller unit and LCD display.
This solar powered digital street clockis based on a microcontroller is the current outdoor clock.  This device displays the time using LCD. This device display time in seconds, minutes and hours.
The user can set the time, date and day using the switch. When the user sets the timings, the settings will be displayed in the LCD display. When the function key is turned on, the controller sends pulse to the LCD display to display the current time.
                                                                                                        

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWERED DIGITAL STREET CLOCK
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

• HISTORY OF DIGITAL CLOCK
• REVIEW OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
• THE HISTORITICAL BACKGROUND  OF THE DIGITAL CLOCK
• OVERVIEW OF SOLAR ENERGY
• MAXIMIUM ANGLE OF INCLINATION
• SOLAR PANEL
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SOLAR PANEL

CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY

• INTRODUCTION
• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
• PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
• INSTALLATION PROCESS

CHAPTER FOUR

• .0     CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
• DESCRIPTION OF SOME MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Clocks are one of the few old inventions which still have important and essential value today. Certainly, we live our lives by the time we sleep at a certain number, rise at another, eat at specific times during the day, and so on. Without clocks in our lives, we would never know when the next train was set to arrive or when our next meeting was. We would struggle to all gather in one space at one time, such as for work or social settings, and important services such as hospitals would struggle to give patients quality care due to medication timings and more.Solar powered digital street clock is an outdoor clock which is very useful projects for final year students. It has an Inbuilt Real Time Clock which tracks over the Real Time. It displays the time in hh:mms format. The time and date can be changed at any Time using the switch. In this device, the real time is displayed on LCD display.
Solar powered digital street clockis seen in major cities of Nigeria for the general public. It is mostly used by pedestrian and travelers which serves as a means of knowing the state of their schedules. The timing circuit used in this project will be entirely hardware based. It will consist of two timing signals, a 60Hz clock pulse used as the main timing signal (multiples of 60s) and a 1kHz clock pulse used for multiplexing a display for the clock. These pulses will be counted, stored in memory registers and then displayed to show the current time. The study is based on interfacing solar energy with street clock.
1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT
The first clock that was invented was analogue clock which has no other features apart from time and it also consumes higher power and stops working as soon as the power battery is removed or when the battery dies. After the analogue, digital clock was invented which also suffer the same problem of power supply (battery) – their time is reset or stopped as soon as the system power battery or source is removed.
However, solar powered digital street clock came to overcome these problems. Solar powered digital street clock uses renewable energy source and rechargeable battery to sustain the clock all day.
1.3                                   AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this study is to build a solar powered digital street clock. The objectives of this project are:

• To save energy
• To build an uninterruptible street clock that will display the time in seconds, minutes and hours.
• To save cost of buying batteries and reduce the labour involve in replacing the battery.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Building a solar powered digital street clock is a way of helping the public to organize their schedules and keep all of their appointments, activities and commitments too- without coming home.
This study will serve as a means of exposing us to the application, uses and installation of a solar energy.
 1.5                             ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWERED DIGITAL STREET CLOCK

• Because of the uninterruptible power supply feature, this clock displays the right time all the time.
•  It is simple and durable.
  

1.6                                             APPLICATIONS
Because solar powered digital street clock is very small and inexpensive devices that enhance the popularity of product designs, they are often found in places like:
• schools
• churches
• roundabouts etc.

1.7                                                     SCOPE OF PROJECT
The scope of this work covers building a digital display and solar powered street clock. The device was built around set of switch and LCD display. The set time, date and day can be adjusted using the switch, while the LCD displays the time.
1.8                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
This device is powered with 20w solar panel which supplies 12v energy to the battery. The battery sustains the clock whenever there is no sunshine.
1.9                                                        METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

• Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
• Draw a block diagram.
• Test for continuity of components and devices,
• Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
• Studying of various component used in circuit.
• Construction of the circuit was carried out.
• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

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CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" was reviewed.

CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.

CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work

CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and fabrication of a solar powered digital street clock" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.

 

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