DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF REMOTE CONTROLLED SOLAR LAWN MOWER
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TITLE PAGE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work,"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
Traditionally and even now in many places like an institution, organization, sports ground, industries, hotel, public center etc, cutting of grasses was done with a cutlass. This manual method is time-consuming and also inaccuracy level of cutting is observed. A remote controlled solar lawnmower is a device which reduces the work load on humans for trimming lawn.Rapid growth of various high-tech tools and equipmentmakes our work comfortable, accurate and time efficient.This project considers the implementation of a device which can be operated wirelessly with the help of a remote. Every action of the lawn mower is controlled byIR relays. The project also aims at fabricating a lawnmower in which, the motors run with the help of solar energy.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SCOPE/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.5 PROJECT MOTIVATION
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2 DESCRIPTION OF A LAWN MOWER
2.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MOWER
2.4 REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES MOWER
2.5 REVIEW OF RELATED WORKS
CHAPTER THREE
- METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCKDIAGRAM
3.2 COMPONENT SUSED IN SOLAR LAWNMOWER
3.3 PHOTO VOLTAIC PRINCIPLE
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 FABRICATED MODELv/sDESIGNED MODEL
4.2 OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS
4.3 CALCULATIONS OF THE LAWN MOWER
4.4 SYSTEM WORKING
4.5 PERFORMANCE FACTORS
4.6 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
5.3 REFERENCES
LIST OF SYMBOLS
G = Density
d = Diameter of the shaft
D = Diameter of the blade
W = Omega Angular Speed
J = Second Moment of inertia
M = Mass of the object
T = Torque
TI = Pie
V = Velocity
F = Cutting force
P = Power
= Shear stress
= Strain
L = Length
B = Breadth
H = Height
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A lawn mower is a machine that uses cutting bladesor strings to trimlawn atan even height. The working principle of a lawn mower is: High speed of rotation ofcutting blades provide the force required for effective and accurate trimming of lawn. Lawnmowers have become very essential in our daily life. More and more lawnmowers have been manufactured and used in the last few years. When weput all this together, a lot of power is being consumed by lawnmowers. Also,we can observe that lawnmowers have been the cause for a lot of air and noise pollution around theglobe.This has led to consumers seeking for ways to reduce and solve their own carbon foot prints. Also, there are government regulations limiting the pollution level of the device to a certain maximum level, which is decreasing over the years.
Our three member project team have observed this,and decided to design and fabricate a remote controlledsolar lawn mower, which not only reduces air and noise pollution and dependence on non-renewable energy sources,but also reduces the work load on laborers and speeds upthe work. This lawn mower integrates a conventional lawnmower with solar panels, remote control led operation and a storage unit for collecting trimmed lawn.We have incorporated all these features in our lawn mower at the lowest pricepossible ,without compromising much on quality of the product. We hope to see this device as thefuture of lawn mowers around the globe in the years tocome.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The lawn mower is a mechanical device that literally shaves the surface of the grass by using a rapidly rotating blade or blades. For centuries, grass was cut by workers who walked through pastures or fields wielding small, sharp scythes. In addition to being tiring and slow, manual cutting was ineffective—the scythes worked well only when the grass was wet.
The requirement of electricity around the world isincreasing at an alarming rate due to industrial growth,which in turn leads to increased and extensive use of electrical gadgets. Solar energy is the best alternative source,which is both renewable, and an eco-friendly source of energy. This project will reduce environmental and noise pollution caused by conventional lawnmowers.This prototype is user friendly, cost efficient, environmentfriendly, and all the actions of the mower is control by IR sensors.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is to fabricationa remote controlled solar lawnmower which is device which can be operated wirelessly with the help of a remote and power by a renewable energy source (solar).
Themainobjectivesofourprojectare:
- To build an economic remote controlled solar lawnmower.
- To develop a userfriendly control system.
- To design, fabricate and analyse the remote controlled lawnmower.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The device which we have developed isa lawnmower which runs electrically by using DC motors which directly power the wheels, rotating brush and the cutterthreads. The motors are powered using lead acid batteries which can be charged withthe help of renewable solar energy.IR relays are used for controlling the movements of the device. Everyaction of the lawn mower is controlled byIR relays. The entire device is focused on lowering the fabrication and manufacturing costs to make it affordable to common man.
1.5 PROJECT MOVITATION
The advantages of this device are what motivated us to carry out this work: The solar grass cutter has panels mounted in a arrangement at an angle in such a way that it can receive solar radiation with high intensity easily from the sun. These solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy. This machine consists of the photovoltaic, dc to dc converter, motor, controller, linear blades, and battery. It is an automated system for the purpose of grass cutting. This machine uses solar power as an energy source that addresses a number of issues that standard internal combustion engine mowers do not. An electric grass cutter with a solar charger will be easier to use. There is no messy, dangerous gasoline to deal with, most importantly it eliminates the emissions of an internal combustion mower. The device can be operated wirelesslywiththehelpofaremote. Other advantages are:
- The device reduces work load on humans.
- It has simpler design than most commercial mowers.
- This lawnmower is cheaper than most commercial lawnmowers.
- It can be operated wirelessly from a distance.
- It aids elderly users or those with disabilities.
- The collected lawn can be used as fertilizers for a variety of vegetation.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
The project will serve as a means of reducing environmental and noise pollution caused by conventional lawnmowers. This project will also provide a means of reducing labour that is involved in operating conventional lawnmowers.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSIONS
Our project entitled“Design and Fabrication of Remote Controlled Solar LawnMower”is successfully completed and the results obtained are satisfactory. This prototype can be further modified for commercial use by increasing its efficiency and reducing its cost.This project is has many advantages when compared to a conventional lawn mower, for instance: No fuel cost, no pollution and nofuel residue, less wear and tear because of less number of moving components,and the devices can be operated wirelessly. The device can be easily handled and reducesburden on humans. India is a country with abundance of sunlight. Hence it is important that we make use of thisrenewable source of energy in replacement for other non-renewable sources which get depleted overtime.Solar energy is also pollution free, and hence doesn’t harm the environment. The only draw backs in using solar energy are that the initial investments and the time required to charge the device are high,
At present, in order to curtail global warming and ozone depletion, the Government of Indiais offering subsidy for the solar equipment. Industries are producing these solar equipment in a massscale.This leads to reduction of cost of the system over time. So in the near future, there iis going to be much more use of solar energy around India.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on"design and construction of an arduino based public address system"was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of"design and fabrication of remote controlled solar lawn mower"consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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